GIS

GIS, Geographical Information System is an Integration of systems designed to capture/collect, store, manipulate, analyze, manage, and display all types of geographical data such as Geo-spatial data.

GeoJSON ;-

An open format for encoding a collection of geographic data structures and more compact data structure to store geographical co-ordinates, that is, Spatial data format types supported in GeoJSON include points, polygons, multi-polygons, features, geometry collections, and bounding boxes, which are stored along with feature information and attributes. It borrows format from JavaScript's JSON(JavaScript Object Notation).

PostGIS ; -

An open source software that adds support for geographic objects to the PostgreSQL database and just like GeoJSON, PostGIS follows the simple features for SQL specification from the Open Geospatial Consortium (OGC).

CartoDB ;-

A Geospatial database used to create data driven maps, or dynamic maps, analyze and build location aware and geospatial applications with your data using the power using the power of PostGIS.